Coal Analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals. There are two methods to analyze coal which are called proximate analysis and ultimate analysis.

The proximate analysis determines only the fixed carbon, volatile matter, moisture and ash percentages and it can be determined with a simple apparatus. The ultimate analysis determines all coal component elements, solid or gaseous and it needs properly equipped laboratory with skilled chemists. It is useful in determining the quantity of air required for combustion and the volume and composition of the combustion gases. These informations are required for the calculation of flame temperature and the flue duct design etc.